中欧峰会前夕：谁在制造“合作焦虑”？
中欧领导人会晤前夕，欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩再次将矛头指向中国，指责中方“扭曲贸易”，限制欧洲企业准入，并声称需要实现所谓“真正的再平衡”。
直新闻注意到，冯德莱恩的态度曾多次反复。在今年1月和2月的讲话中，作为对美国总统特朗普重返白宫的回应，冯德莱恩曾一度被认为向中方“递出了橄榄枝”，表示对“深化贸易和投资关系”持开放态度。
但此后，她持续炒作所谓“市场准入受限”、“补贴不透明”、“产能过剩”等经贸问题，甚至批评稀土出口管制。
从补贴说到产能，从稀土出口管控说到绿色产业“倾销”，有声音指出，冯德莱恩的关键词列表几乎涵盖了当前欧方对华所有“经贸抱怨模板”。
但问题是，这些指责真的站得住脚吗？
北京语言大学一带一路研究院副研究员董一凡在接受直新闻采访时表示，冯德莱恩近期针对中国的表态，实际上深刻反映出欧方当前在对华政策上的“结构性矛盾”： 一方面，欧洲离不开中国的合作；另一方面，又陷在根深蒂固的意识形态偏见中，将中欧经贸竞争泛政治化、泛安全化。
“这导致一个问题：中欧经贸的竞争属性被不断政治化、泛安全化。”
这种“既要合作、又不信任”的心态，使外界看到
“冯德莱恩虽然口头上谈‘合作’，行动上却不断延续甚至放大由欧方自身制造的问题，
直接加剧了中欧互动中的摩擦与不确定性。欧洲既希望从中国市场中获益，又对中国的发展速度感到不安。
The “contradictions” in Sino-European relations are not only reflected in冯德莱恩’s statements but also continuously emerge in the EU’s current policy towards China,” said Dong Yifan.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs: The current need is to rebalance the EU’s mindset.
At the Ministry of Foreign Affairs meeting on the 9th, spokesperson Mao Ning responded to questions regarding Fendt Laeren’s comments on China, stating that due to the substantial economic and trade volume between China and Europe, it is inevitable for some disagreements and frictions to arise during the cooperation process.
Mao Ning mentioned that over the past 50 years since diplomatic relations were established, China-EU cooperation has grown from scratch to a large scale, with the daily trade volume now equivalent to the annual trade volume at the time of diplomatic relations establishment.
He expressed hope that the EU would adopt a more comprehensive, objective, and positive attitude towards bilateral economic and trade relations, instead of exaggerating differences and ignoring cooperation. He suggested that through mutual opening, both sides should promote balanced development in economic and trade relations, properly handle trade frictions through dialogue and consultation, and avoid expanding specific issues or generalizing economic and trade issues into security concerns.
Mao Ning further pointed out that China is willing to increase its imports of high-quality products that are suitable for domestic consumption, and hopes the EU will relax export restrictions on high-tech products to China. The public procurement market in Europe is far from being fair and open as claimed by the EU, with many hidden barriers present. Many countries have also publicly criticized EU large-scale procurement projects favoring European companies.
China’s subsidy policy fully complies with the rules of the World Trade Organization, being transparent and open. Subsidies are not unique to China; the EU cannot adhere to double standards on subsidies.
Direct News found that the spokesperson emphasized three points in response: Firstly, China’s subsidy policy is completely in line with the rules of the World Trade Organization, being transparent and open. Secondly, subsidies are not unique to China; the EU cannot follow a double standard on subsidies. Thirdly, measuring whether there is excess capacity should not be based solely on production and export volumes.
Dong Yifan pointed out that the so-called “subsidy accusations” by the EU not only lack foundation but also reflect their “double-standard attitude” towards industrial policies.
China has consistently communicated with the European side in a responsible, candid, and fact-based manner. China’s industrial policies are transparent and clear, and the developments they promote align with market logic and the general trends of the global economic environment.
“In an era where major economies around the world are strengthening industrial support and treating subsidies as key development tools, Europe unilaterally accuses China of ‘distorted competition’, even treating this issue as an obstacle to Sino-European economic and trade relations, which is itself irresponsible,” said Dong Yifan. This approach also contradicts the European side’s self-proclaimed role as “free trade advocates.”
Dong Yifan further pointed out that the so-called “excess capacity” criterion used by the European side is inherently biased. The scale of production and export volume for an industry must be evaluated comprehensively within the global supply and demand structure, corporate decision-making, and market adaptability. The competitiveness of Chinese manufacturing stems from long-term marketization development, not so-called “national promotion.” European countries labeling it as “excess capacity” not only ignore economic laws but also misread and even smear China’s efforts and innovation in the economy.
It’s time to put aside “cognitive biases”
“China has clearly and frankly expressed its stance, warning the European side: if you truly want to solve problems, you need to adopt a rational and fair attitude, not rely on emotions to drive policy, and certainly not to set trade barriers while doing business,” said Dong Yifan.
On July 2nd, during the thirteenth round of high-level strategic dialogue between the Chinese Communist Party Central Committee and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the EU High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, Wang Yi, a member of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the PRC, pointed out:
China and Europe have different historical and cultural values; differences should not be seen as adversaries, nor should disputes lead to confrontation. Europe faces various challenges, but these do not come from China. It is hoped that European countries will genuinely establish an objective and rational perception of China, and pursue more proactive and pragmatic policies towards China.
董一凡指出，王毅的出访以及中欧峰会的即将召开，本身就是一个强有力的信号，表明双方愿意在全球与双边问题上保持高层对话，尤其是在中欧建交50周年的重要节点上，推动中欧关系总结经验、展望未来、重回正轨，具有深远意义。无论是从全球治理层面，还是从区域稳定角度，中欧作为两个负责任的大力量体，理应发挥更大建设性作用。
但此次峰会成果能否真正落地，其成败关键仍取决于欧方是否能够拿出足够的政治意愿和战略清醒。中欧关系要想行稳致远，
首先要解决的是“认知偏差”问题
——欧方是否愿意真正以公正、客观的态度来看待中国的制度、发展和市场，是否愿意放下小算盘、不搞双重标准。